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Ave verum corpus (Mozart)
''Ave verum corpus'' (Hail, true body) is a motet in D major (K. 618), composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. It is a setting of the 14th century Eucharistic hymn in Latin "Ave verum corpus" in 1791. Mozart wrote it for Anton Stoll, a friend of Mozart and Joseph Haydn. Stoll was the musical coordinator in the parish of Baden bei Wien, near Vienna.〔p. 351, Heartz (2009) Daniel. New York. ''Mozart, Haydn and Early Beethoven: 1781–1802'' W. W. Norton & Co.〕 This setting of the ''Ave verum corpus'' text was composed to celebrate the feast of Corpus Christi; the autograph is dated 17 June 1791. It is only forty-six bars long and is scored for SATB choir, string instruments, and organ. Mozart's manuscript contains minimal directions, with only a single ''sotto voce'' at the beginning.
Mozart composed the motet while in the middle of writing his opera ''Die Zauberflöte'', and while visiting his wife Constanze, who was pregnant with their sixth child and staying in a spa near Baden.〔p. 372, Küster, Whittall (1996) Konrad, Mary. Oxford ''Mozart: a Musical Biography'' Oxford University Press〕 It was fewer than six months before Mozart's death. The motet foreshadows "aspects of the Requiem such as declamatory gesture, textures, and integration of forward- and backward-looking stylistic elements."〔p. 33, Wolff (1998) Christoph. Berkeley, California ''Mozart's Requiem: Historical and Analytical Studies, Documents, Score'' University of California Press. Whittall (translator) Mary〕
Franz Liszt quotes Mozart's motet in the piano piece ''Evocation à la Chapelle Sixtine''.〔pp. 42–43, Walker (1996) Alan. Ithaca, New York ''Franz Liszt: The Final Years 1861–1886'' Cornell University Press〕 Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky incorporates an orchestration of Liszt's transcription in his fourth orchestral suite, ''Mozartiana'', Op. 61.〔p. 115, Brown (1992) David. New York ''Tchaikovsky: The final years, 1885–1893'' W. W. Norton & Co.〕
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